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Simply made hybrids: Biological, bifunctional nanoparticles (such as that pictured) can be produced by just cultivating Escherichia coli bacteria. No chromatography is required, as isolation and purification are carried out by centrifugation followed by self-assembly of polypeptides to nanoparticles by changing the pH. The particles can be used as a label in bioaffinity assays for biotinylated molecules.
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Jääskeläinen et al. (2007) studied this question.
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