Why the study?
What is the prevalence of hypertension and its association with target organ injury when applying the 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure categories to a nondialysis CKD population in China?
What is the prevalence of hypertension and its association with target organ injury when applying the 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure categories to a nondialysis CKD population in China?
Applying the 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure guidelines to a Chinese nondialysis CKD population results in a high prevalence of hypertension, but only Stage 2 hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) correlates with target organ injury, questioning the clinical utility of the lower thresholds in this group.
Questions utility of 2017 lower thresholds in nondialysis CKD; leaves open need for prospective validation of Stage 2 as primary risk marker.
BACKGROUND: The 2017 high blood pressure (BP) clinical practice guideline reported by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association put forward new categories of BP. This study aimed to assess the applicability of the new guideline in a nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. METHODS: This is a nationwide, multicenter, cross-sectional study with a large sample. A total of 8927 nondialysis CKD patients in 61 tertiary hospitals in all 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of China (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) were analyzed. The categories of BP were defined as normal BP (<120/80 mmHg), elevated BP [systolic BP (SBP) 120-130 and diastolic BP (DBP) <80 mmHg], and Stage 1 (SBP 130-139 or DBP 80-89 mmHg) and Stage 2 (SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥90 mmHg) hypertension. The prevalence and control of hypertension were estimated using a new definition, and the association between the main target organs' injury and new categories of BP was analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence, awareness and treatment of hypertension in nondialysis CKD patients were 79.8, 72.4 and 68.3%, respectively. Approximately 11.9% had BP <130/80 mmHg and 6.6% had BP <120/80 mmHg. Subgroups by categories of BP had significant differences in age, sex, body mass index category, primary cause and CKD stage (P < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, only Stage 2 hypertension was associated with decreased renal function [odds ratio (OR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9-3.0, P < 0.001], cardiovascular disease (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3-3.1, P = 0.001) and cerebrovascular disease (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-5.8, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Using the new definition of hypertension, the higher prevalence and lower control of hypertension were shown in nondialysis CKD participants. More studies are necessary to confirm the applicability of new categories of BP in CKD population because only Stage 2 hypertension showed statistical association with the main target organs' injury.
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Zheng et al. (2018) studied this question.
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