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This narrative review details the principles, mapping techniques (activation, voltage, and CFAE), technical pitfalls, and comparative advantages of modern 3D non-fluoroscopic navigation systems (CARTO, Ensite NavX, Rhythmia) in reducing radiation exposure and treating complex arrhythmias.
НЕФЛЮОРОСКОПИЧЕСКАЯ ИНТЕРВЕНЦИОННАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА АРИТМИЙТип статьи: обзорная статья А.С.Ковалев, А.Г
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Ковалев et al. (2020) conducted a review in Cardiac arrhythmias. Three-dimensional non-fluoroscopic electroanatomical mapping systems (CARTO, Ensite NavX, Rhythmia) vs. Conventional fluoroscopy-guided electrophysiological mapping was evaluated.
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