Effect of congestive heart failure on safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage closure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation

Objectives To evaluate the influence of congestive heart failure (CHF) on safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients.Methods A total of 401 patients who consecutively underwent LAAC with Watchman and LAmbre devices were divided into CHF (85 cases) and non-CHF (316 cases) groups. Comparisons between groups were performed against data.Results No significant differences were found in implantation success and periprocedural complication rates between the two groups. During a mean 2.2 years of follow-up, the incidence rate of thromboembolism, major bleeding, device-related thrombus, and non-cardiovascular death was comparable. However, patients with CHF had significantly increased risk of all-cause death (P = 0.015), cardiovascular death (P = 0.014), and combined efficacy endpoints (P = 0.02). After performing propensity score matching, the risk of all-cause death (P = 0.01), cardiovascular death (P = 0.01), and combined efficacy endpoints (P = 0.006) was still higher. The logistic regression analyses identified CHF (OR: 3.642, 95% CI: 1.296–10.232, P = 0.014) as an independent predictor of cardiovascular death.Conclusions Implantation of atrial appendage occluder is effective and safe in NVAF patients with CHF. The increased risk of mortality and combined efficacy endpoints in patients with CHF versus non-CHF after LAAC may be associated with the high risk of CHF itself.