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A new two-dimensional laser using a cross grating has been proposed. The calculations of the threshold gain and coupling constant show a relation between these parameters similar to the one-dimensional case, and also a uniform mode giving rise to radiation normal to the surface is shown to exist for a two-dimensional cross grating. These results suggest single-mode surface emission lasers with very little beam divergence.>
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Minoru Toda (1992) studied this question.
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