Sulf1A regulates Wnt6 signalling and cellular differentiation in skeletal muscle, mediating Wnt6-induced myoblast hyper-elongation and inhibition of proliferation.
Sulf1A mediates Wnt6 effects on myoblasts; hypothesis-generating for muscle differentiation and requires in vivo validation.
Sulf1A expression, which is a characteristic of embryonic muscle, is undetectable in mature muscle fibres and quiescent satellite cells, but is re-activated in vivo upon injury and in vitro following activation of satellite cells. Sulf1A is known to enhance canonical Wnt signalling, and its association with Wnt1-induced satellite cell proliferation in vitro in the present study further confirmed this. However, exogenous Wnt6 decreased satellite cell proliferation but promoted the adoption of a hyper-elongated cell morphology in myoblasts on isolated single fibres in culture. Such Wnt6-induced cellular hyper-elongation and inhibition of proliferation was found to be dependent upon Sulf1A, as treatment with Sulf1A neutralising antibodies abolished both these effects. This indicates that Sulf1A can regulate Wnt6 signalling and cellular differentiation in skeletal muscle.
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Hitchins et al. (2012) studied this question.
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