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Early ischemic ionic abnormalities, specifically extracellular potassium accumulation and increased cytosolic calcium, are key cellular mechanisms predisposing to ventricular arrhythmias.
Two of the major ionic abnormalities found early in ischemia are (a) loss of potassium with an increase in the extracellular potassium ion concentration and (b) an increase in free cytosolic calcium. Both of these ionic abnormalities can powerfully predispose to the development of arrhythmias.
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Opie et al. (1990) studied this question.
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