Key result
The UVC-inactivated Sabin-based polio vaccine candidate, ultraIPV, stimulated robust virus-neutralizing antibodies in Wistar rats at levels above the protective correlate and comparable to commercial vaccines.
Why the study?
Existing oral and inactivated polio vaccines carry risks of reversion, biohazards from neuropathogenic production strains, and high manufacturing costs, prompting calls for updated polio vaccines.
Despite their efficacy, the currently available polio vaccines, oral polio vaccine (OPV) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), possess inherent flaws posing significant challenges in the global eradication of polio. OPV, which uses live Sabin attenuated strains, carries the risk of reversion to pathogenic forms and causing vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and vaccine-derived polio disease (VDPD) in incompletely vaccinated or immune-compromised individuals. Conventional IPVs, which are non-replicative, are more expensive to manufacture and introduce biohazard and biosecurity risks due to the use of neuropathogenic strains in production. These types of limitations have led to a call by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative and others for the development of updated polio vaccines. We are developing a novel Ultraviolet-C radiation (UVC) inactivation method that preserves immunogenicity and is compatible with attenuated strains of polio. The method incorporates an antioxidant complex, manganese-decapeptide-phosphate (MDP), derived from the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. The inclusion of MDP protects the immunogenic neutralizing epitopes from damage during UVC inactivation. The novel vaccine candidate, ultraIPVTM, produced using these methods demonstrates three crucial attributes: complete inactivation, which precludes the risk of vaccine-associated disease; use of non-pathogenic strains to reduce production risks; and significantly enhanced yield of doses per milligram of input virus, which could increase vaccine supply while reducing costs. Additionally, ultraIPVTM retains antigenicity post-freeze–thaw cycles, a testament to its robustness.
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Tobin et al. (2024) studied Polio. ultraIPV (UVC-inactivated Sabin-based polio vaccine) vs. IPOL and VeroPol (commercial IPVs) was evaluated on Virus-neutralizing antibody titers. The UVC-inactivated Sabin-based polio vaccine candidate, ultraIPV, stimulated robust virus-neutralizing antibodies in Wistar rats at levels above the protective correlate and comparable to commercial vaccines.
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