The female athlete triad is associated with endothelial dysfunction, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary recognition and management to mitigate cardiovascular risk.
May indicate cardiovascular risk in female athletes with the triad; hypothesis-generating for tetrad reclassification and prospective validation.
While the benefits of physical activity are numerous, the female athlete triad poses a significant health risk to young athletes. Emerging research links the triad to endothelial dysfunction--a sentinel event in cardiovascular disease--suggesting that this complex interplay of metabolic and endocrine factors may be described more accurately as a tetrad. Effective treatment of the triad/tetrad requires a multidisciplinary approach. Emphasis must be placed on prevention, recognition, and treatment of triad for the promotion of healthy nutritional and activity profiles in female athletes across their lifespans.
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Temme et al. (2013) studied this question.
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