Double-pass high-resolution vibrational electron energy loss spectrometer

A double-pass high-resolution vibrational electron energy loss spectrometer of 127° cylindrical electrostatic deflection type has been constructed for surface studies. In the direct mode, an electron current at the detector of 1.3×10−14 A is obtained with the energy spread (full width at half-maximum) of 2.4 meV for electrons whose energy at the sample position is 5 eV.