Mechanical properties, surface chemistry, and barrier characteristics of electron beam irradiated‐annealed LDPE/PA6/LDPE multi‐layer films at N₂

The effects of electron beam irradiation in the nitrogen environment, on chain scission, crosslinking, crystallinity, mechanical performance, and barrier properties of LDPE/PA6/LDPE multi‐layer films were studied. The evaluation of radiation‐induced crosslinking effect by the gel content measurement and Charlesby–Pinner plot suggested more of crosslinking over chain scission, in all the layers, which was more pronounced in polyethylene phase. The FTIR analysis results showed good agreement with those observed by the gel content measurements. It is believed that the crosslinking reaction had occurred through the CN bonds in polyamide‐6, and vinyl group in polyethylene layers. The evaluation of radiation effect on the crystallinity and crosslinking of films by FTIR technique showed that by increasing the applied doses, the crystallinity in all the layers was decreased and the crosslinking was increased. The differential scanning calorimetry of irradiated samples revealed that due to the crosslinking reaction, the crystallinity was decreased by the applied dose. The tensile strength of the films was increased and the percent elongation at break was decreased, by increasing the applied doses. This study was also indicated that the radiation‐induced crosslinking effect on the tensile properties was dominantly observed up to 50 kGy. The surface free energy analysis of the films using the contact angle measurement and geometric mean equation indicated that the surface polarity was decreased by increasing the absorbed doses. It was found that due to the decline in the surface polarity and the simultaneously formation of crosslinked network in these films, both water vapor transmission rate and oxygen permeability were significantly decreased.