The major components of the population aggregating principle of the Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, were identified as 1,5-dimethyl-6-8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1] octane (frontalin) and camphene. Hindguts of emergent females contained more frontalin than females that fed in phloem tissue for 6–48 hours. Under field conditions, synthetic frontalin proved highly competitive to natural sources of attractants when combined with camphene, a monoterpene contained in Douglas fir oleoresin. Applied to a Douglas-fir, frontalin induced mass attack. It appears to have a high potential for use in research, survey, and management of the Douglas-fir beetle.
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Pitman et al. (1970) studied this question.