A theory is presented describing the fundamentals of contrast formation in magnetic force microscopy (MFM). In particular, effects due to the finite MFM probe size are taken into account. As a result, complete MFM images can be simulated in good agreement with experimental data employing only minimum information about the actual probe configuration. As an example, the 180° Bloch wall in iron is considered.
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Uwe Hartmann (1990) studied this question.