Why the study?
Do tetrapolar impedance cardiograms reliably estimate left ventricular stroke volume compared to left ventriculograms in patients undergoing diagnostic left heart catheterisation?
Do tetrapolar impedance cardiograms reliably estimate left ventricular stroke volume compared to left ventriculograms in patients undergoing diagnostic left heart catheterisation?
Impedance cardiograms provide reliable estimates of beat-by-beat left ventricular stroke volume and its changes compared to invasive left ventriculography.
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Supports non-invasive stroke volume monitoring during catheterization; leaves open prospective validation before clinical adoption.
Ebert et al. (1984) studied this question.
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