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October 31, 2023ZooKeysOpen Access

Infective endocarditis: prevention strategy and risk factors in an animal model

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Why the study?

The study aimed to develop a reproducible periodontitis-endocarditis rat model to evaluate how antibiotic prophylaxis before tooth extraction affects bacteremia and the incidence of endocarditis.

Does single-shot antibiotic prophylaxis before tooth extraction reduce the incidence of endocarditis in a rat model of periodontitis and aortic valve injury?

Population

Thirty-five female Wistar rats

Comparison

Antibiotic prophylaxis group vs endocarditis group vs periodontitis group

Design

Animal experimental study

Authors

GMGergo MitovDLDennis Ladage

Discussion

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Overview

Hypothesis-generating in rat models; does not support changes to human dental prophylaxis guidelines.

Structured PICO

Does single-shot antibiotic prophylaxis before tooth extraction reduce the incidence of endocarditis in a rat model of periodontitis and aortic valve injury?

P
Population
35 female Wistar rats with induced periodontitis (ligatures on maxillary first molars) and aortic valve injury with simulated prosthetic material
I
Intervention
Single-shot antibiotic administration 30-60 minutes before maxillary molar extraction
C
Comparator
No antibiotic prophylaxis before extraction (endocarditis group) and no aortic valve injury (periodontitis control group)
O
Outcome
Prevalence of bacteremia and incidence of endocarditis (examined histologically after euthanasia)surrogate

In a rat model of periodontitis and aortic valve injury, single-shot antibiotic prophylaxis prior to tooth extraction reduced the incidence of endocarditic changes from 60% to 20%.

Cite This Study

Mitov et al. (2023) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a83aed68dcee831255bcbeehttps://doi.org/10.3897/folmed.65.e99682
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Also Consider

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  4. 4Biochemical and histopathologic analysis of the effects of periodontitis on left ventricular heart tissues of rats2016 · 23 citations
  5. 5A novel approach to studying infective endocarditis: Ultrasound-guided wire injury and bacterial challenge in mice2025 · 1 citations