Mechanisms of the components of the metabolic syndrome that predispose to diabetes and atherosclerotic CVD
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Key result
The metabolic syndrome, driven primarily by insulin resistance and obesity, predisposes individuals to a 1.5- to 3.0-fold increased risk of atherosclerotic CVD and a 3.0- to 5.0-fold increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
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Implication
Supports intensified prevention in metabolic syndrome; leaves open whether syndrome-specific therapies reduce events beyond standard risk factor control.
PICO
P
Population
Metabolic syndrome, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes
E
Exposure / Comparator
Metabolic syndrome
Insulin resistance, driven by increased fatty acid flux and pro-inflammatory cytokines, is the central pathophysiological mechanism linking metabolic syndrome to increased risks of atherosclerotic CVD and type 2 diabetes.
Limitations
- The selection criteria, end points, and the interval for outcome evaluation used in the many trials have varied.
- Broad sweeping conclusions related to the impact of the metabolic syndrome on any outcome need to be carefully considered.
- Recent controversy has surrounded the diagnosis and scientific merit of the metabolic syndrome.
Cite This Study
Robert H. Eckel (2007) conducted a review in Metabolic syndrome, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes. Metabolic syndrome was evaluated. The metabolic syndrome, driven primarily by insulin resistance and obesity, predisposes individuals to a 1.5- to 3.0-fold increased risk of atherosclerotic CVD and a 3.0- to 5.0-fold increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
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