36—finite-Element Analysis of Yarns Part I: Yarn Model and Energy Formulation

The finite-element method is applied to derive alternative governing equations for Carnaby and Grosberg's continuous-filament-yarn model. This is shown to give a reasonable simulation of the stress–strain curves of wool yarns when tested at a short gauge length. The finite-element analysis used here is based on the principle of virtual work, and, because of the large deformations occurring, non-linear continuum mechanics are used to describe the configuration of the model.