Ba 2 RENbO 6 (RE = rare earth elements including Y) compounds are considered new additives for superior flux-pinning in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (YBCO) films due to their excellent chemical inertness to and large lattice mismatches with YBCO. Simultaneous laser ablation of a YBCO target and a Nb metal foil attached to the surface of the target resulted in epitaxial growth of YBCO films having columnar defects comprised of self-aligned Ba 2 YNbO 6 (BYNO) nanorods parallel to the c -axis of the film. Compared to pure YBCO, YBCO+BYNO films exhibited no T c reduction as well as superior J c performance with higher self- and in-field J c by a factor of 1.5–7 and also exhibited a strong J c peak for H ∥ c indicative of strong c -axis correlated flux-pinning.
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Wee et al. (2010) studied this question.
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