Key result
Schizophrenia is linked to ~30% higher odds of in-hospital mortality after CABG.
Why the study?
Schizophrenia is associated with elevated cardiovascular disease burden and mortality, but outcomes for patients with schizophrenia undergoing CABG remain poorly characterized.
Does schizophrenia impact in-hospital mortality and perioperative outcomes in adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting?
Cohort (n=773,925)
Yes
Does schizophrenia impact in-hospital mortality and perioperative outcomes in adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting?
Schizophrenia is associated with increased in-hospital mortality, longer hospital stays, and a higher likelihood of discharge to skilled nursing facilities following CABG, highlighting the need for integrated perioperative psychiatric care.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Schizophrenia may elevate perioperative mortality risk after CABG; extends cardiovascular vulnerability data but leaves causal mechanisms and interventions open.
Background: Schizophrenia is associated with an elevated cardiovascular disease burden and mortality. However, outcomes for patients with schizophrenia undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remain poorly characterized. We investigated perioperative outcomes, resource utilization, and discharge disposition in this vulnerable population. Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample (2017–2020), we identified 773 925 adult CABG admissions, including 2250 patients with schizophrenia and 771 675 without. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, hospital charges, post-operative complications, and discharge disposition. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and hospital characteristics. Results: Patients with schizophrenia were younger (59.6 vs 66.3 years, P < 0.001), had a higher comorbidity burden (Charlson index 3.1 vs 2.7, P < 0.001), and a greater prevalence of diabetes (58.0% vs 51.1%, P < 0.0001), tobacco use (41.6% vs 18.4%, P < 0.001), and prior myocardial infarction (21.6% vs 17.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, schizophrenia was associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality of borderline statistical significance (adjusted OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.001–1.69, P = 0.049), prolonged hospitalization (1.74 additional days, 95% CI 1.40–2.04, P < 0.0001), and discharge to skilled nursing facilities (adjusted OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.33–2.27, P < 0.0001). Post-operative infection, stroke, and bleeding rates were similar between groups. Conclusions: Schizophrenia was associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality of borderline statistical significance (adjusted OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.001–1.69, P = 0.049), prolonged hospitalization, and a greater need for post-acute skilled nursing care following CABG. These findings highlight the need for integrated perioperative psychiatric care, optimized perioperative protocols, and structured discharge planning to improve outcomes and ensure equitable care for patients with serious mental illness undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Odo et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Coronary artery disease requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (n=773,925). Schizophrenia vs. No schizophrenia was evaluated on In-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.001-1.69, p=0.049). Schizophrenia was associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.30) and prolonged hospitalization following coronary artery bypass grafting.
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