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Polymer bound sulfonic acid (PEG-OSO3H) is active for the dehydration of biomass to furfural. The furfural yield is improved when MnCl2 is added to the reaction mixture. The catalyst was mild, non-volatile, and non-corrosive and can be recycled multiple times (>10) without an intermediate regeneration step and no significant leaching of –OSO3H groups is observed.
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Zhang et al. (2014) studied this question.
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