Recent Development in the Biomarkers and Drugs for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

In recent times, rigorous efforts have been made, oriented on the elucidation of the pathogenesis, detection, progression and treatment of HIV. HIV has two main types HIV-1 & HIV-2, both the forms originated in primates from Africa, later transmitted to humans. HIV-2 is not as aggressive as HIV-1 and restricted to the African continent. However, both are equally problematic owing to recurrent recombination and can lead to a state of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The AIDS leads to high mortality rate but the progression can be restricted by in time detection and commencement of proper treatment. There are approximately 38 million HIV infected cases worldwide and 8 million people still do not have the access to testing services. The numerous HIV testing kits are based on different types of biomarkers. This review is mainly focused on the various biomarkers along with the detailed discussion on available FDA approved drugs.