Hypothyroidism in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease with increasing global prevalence. Thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, has been implicated in its pathogenesis and progression. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence and pattern of hypothyroidism in NAFLD patients and assess its association with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis severity using imaging and noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: < 0.05 considered significant. Additional associations included positive correlations of liver stiffness with urea and INR, and negative correlations with serum protein, fasting glucose, and LDL. Overall, hypothyroidism emerged as a significant cofactor in NAFLD pathogenesis and fibrosis progression. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a strong association between hypothyroidism and both hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD. Routine thyroid function screening is recommended in NAFLD patients, particularly those with metabolic syndrome or suspected fibrosis. Early detection and treatment of hypothyroidism may provide therapeutic benefits in slowing or reversing NAFLD progression.