Key result
Endurance running induced significant increases in plasma Gal-3 and ST2 immediately post-exercise, with Gal-3 returning to baseline during recovery while ST2 continued to increase.
Why the study?
Previous studies have suggested that exercising may induce cardiac damage, but the kinetics of emerging fibrosis cardiac biomarkers Gal-3 and ST2 across different running events remained to be compared.
Does endurance running alter the kinetics of cardiac fibrosis biomarkers (Gal-3 and ST2) compared to recreational running in healthy males?
Observational (n=60)
No
Does endurance running alter the kinetics of cardiac fibrosis biomarkers (Gal-3 and ST2) compared to recreational running in healthy males?
p-value: p=<0.05 for Gal-3 and <0.0001 for ST2
Endurance running induces a transient increase in Gal-3 that returns to baseline during early recovery, whereas ST2 continues to rise, suggesting different release kinetics and potential implications for cardiac stress.
Endurance exercise may alter fibrosis biomarker kinetics vs recreational running; hypothesis-generating for cardiac monitoring in athletes, should not yet change practice.
Background Previous studies have suggested that exercising may induce cardiac damage. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) are very interesting biomarkers for heart failure and myocardial fibrosis. We aimed to compare the kinetics of emerging fibrosis cardiac biomarkers as Gal-3 and ST-2 in endurance runners, and recreational runners before and after a running event represented by a marathon and an ultratrail event. Methods Blood samples were taken from 19 healthy non-elite marathon runners (42 km), 27 ultratour runners (67 km), and 14 recreational runners who represented the control group (10 km) just before the run (T0), just after (T1) and 3 h after (T2), in order to analyze Gal-3, ST2, hsTnT, NT-proBNP, CKMB and hsCRP. We compared the percentage of evolution and the slopes obtained from T0 to T1 (pT0T1) and from T1 to T2 (pT1T2), between the different groups of runners participating in three different races. Results Plasma cardiac biomarker concentrations increased significantly from baseline to immediately post-exercise and most of the time decreased over the subsequent 3-h period. For pT0T1 and pT1T2, the markers Gal-3 and ST2 showed a significant difference between types of run (p < 0.05 and p < 0.0001, respectively). During the recovery time, Gal-3 returned to the baseline values but not ST2 which continued to increase. Conclusions Gal-3 and ST2 are considered as a reflection of cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. The evolution of both was different, particularly after the recovery time. ST2 values exceeding cutoff values at any time.
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Goff et al. (2019) conducted an observational in Healthy subjects engaging in physical exercise (n=60). Endurance running (marathon and ultratrail) vs. Recreational running (10 km) was evaluated on Evolution of the slopes of ST2 and galectin-3 from baseline to immediately post-exercise (pT0T1) and during 3-hour recovery (pT1T2) (p=<0.05 for Gal-3 and <0.0001 for ST2). Endurance running induced significant increases in plasma Gal-3 and ST2 immediately post-exercise, with Gal-3 returning to baseline during recovery while ST2 continued to increase.
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