Key result
In women with obesity, C3 levels above 1.23 g/L were associated with significantly increased odds of having a raised cardiometabolic disease staging score (OR 6.56; 95% CI 1.63-26.47; p=0.008).
Why the study?
Metabolic or inflammatory markers may predict adverse outcomes in women with obesity, motivating the description of metabolic-obesity phenotypes using novel staging tools and their relationships with inflammation.
Cross-Sectional (n=64)
In women with obesity, higher levels of complement C3 and CRP are associated with a metabolically unhealthy phenotype, suggesting their potential utility as clinical biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk.
C3 should not yet inform cardiometabolic risk assessment in obese women; leaves open its value as a biomarker in prospective cohorts.
Introduction: Metabolic or inflammatory markers may predict adverse outcomes in women with obesity. We sought to describe metabolic-obesity phenotypes of women using novel staging tools and investigate relationships with inflammation. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we collected fasting blood samples from sixty-four females with body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m². Participants were classified as metabolically healthy or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) using the cardiometabolic disease staging system (CMDS) and Edmonton obesity staging system (EOSS). Data were analyzed using independent sample t tests, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple logistic regression. Results: Mean (SD) age was 40.2 (9.3) years with median (IQR) BMI 31.8 (30.3–35.7) kg/m². The prevalence of MUO was 46.9% and 81.3% using CMDS and EOSS criteria, respectively. Women with raised CMDS scores had higher C3 (1.34 [0.20] vs. 1.18 [0.15], p = 0.001) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (2.89 [1.31–7.61] vs. 1.39 [0.74–3.60], p = 0.034). C3 correlated with insulin (r = 0.52), hemoglobin A1c (r = 0.37), and C-peptide (r = 0.58), all p < 0.05. C3 above the median (>1.23 g/L) increased odds of raised CMDS score, when controlled for age, BMI, ethnicity, and smoking (OR = 6.56, 95% CI: 1.63, 26.47, p = 0.008). Conclusion: The prevalence of MUO was lower using CMDS than EOSS. C3 and CRP may be useful clinical biomarkers of risk or treatment targets in women with obesity.
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Killeen et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Obesity (n=64). C3 above the median (>1.23 g/L) vs. C3 below the median was evaluated on Raised cardiometabolic disease staging (CMDS) score (OR 6.56, 95% CI 1.63-26.47, p=0.008). In women with obesity, C3 levels above 1.23 g/L were associated with significantly increased odds of having a raised cardiometabolic disease staging score (OR 6.56; 95% CI 1.63-26.47; p=0.008).
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