The L₂,₃M₄,₅M₄,₅Auger and photoelectron spectra of germanium

The photoelectron and L 2,3 M 4,5 M 4,5 Auger spectra of germanium have been observed using Al and Mg K alpha X-ray excitation. Clean surfaces were formed by brittle fracture of specimens in vacuo. L 2,3 and M shell binding energies are compared with Hartree-Fock calculations and combined with the Auger energies in a determination of R S 3a , (11.1 eV+or-0.5 eV) the static extra-atomic relaxation term which appears in a two-step model of the Auger energy. The total intensity ratio L 3 M 4,5 M 4,5 /L 2 M 4,5 M 4,5 is found to depend on the X-ray energy. Spectra of the L 3 M 4,5 M 4,5 and L 2 M 4,5 M 4,5 Auger groups are compared with multiplet structure calculations.