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The trap-limited electron currents in poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) derivatives can be modeled using a Gaussian trap distribution that is positioned approximately 0.75 eV below the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of PPV. Photothermal deflection spectroscopy measurements and internal photo-emission spectroscopy measurements confirm the claim of a Gaussian shaped trap distribution centered at 0.75 eV below the LUMO of PPV. Additionally, two PPV derivatives that differ in the number of conformational defects incorporated during synthesis exhibit identical electron trapping behavior, showing that the traps do not originate from extrinsic impurities of the synthesis or defects in the polymer chains.
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Kuik et al. (2011) studied this question.
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