Conventional and genetic associations of adiposity with 1463 proteins in relatively lean Chinese adults

Figures

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  Figure 1. Overview of analytic approaches and key findings

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  Figure 2. Associations of 1-SD higher BMI with 1463 proteins in conventional and genetic analyses in CKB and comparisons of genetic associations between CKB and UKB Analyses were adjusted for age, age square, sex, study area, fasting time, ambient temperature, ascertainment status, plate ID, and the first 12 PCs (for genetic analyses only). The dotted lines in a) and b) indicate multi-testing adjusted threshold for statistical significance with red dots showing significant positive associations and blue dots showing significant inverse associations, with names given for certain selected proteins. The solid black dots in c) and d) are proteins significantly associated with BMI in both conventional and genetic analyses in CKB (left panel) or in both CKB and UKB (right panel), with names given for certain selected proteins.

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  Figure 3. Genetic associations of BMI with 20 selected proteins, by OLINK panel Non-linear MR analyses was used to investigate the shape of the genetic associations. Within each panel, top 5 (4 positive and 1 inverse) BMI-associated proteins were included. Piecewise linear method was used to calculate the estimates (adjusted for age, age squared, sex, and study area [ten groups], ascertainment, plate ID, and 12 national PCs). Each line segment begins where the previous segment finished (black lines) and the intercept was set to the population mean BMI (red dot). The 95% CI are represented by the shaded patterns. The length of y-axis represents approximately ± 2 SD from the mean of the corresponding protein.

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  Figure 4. Chord diagrams of enriched a) GO biological process terms and b) KEGG pathways for proteins causally affected by BMI Enrichment analyses were conducted for 55 proteins that passed Bonferroni-corrected threshold in the genetic analyses (adiposity-to-protein direction), using a) GO-BP and b) KEGG enrichment analyses. The right semicircle represents the names of a) top 10 GO terms and b) 8 significant KEGG pathways, and the left semicircle are proteins that are significantly associated with any of the GO terms or KEGG pathways. Proteins were ordered by OLINK panel, and the numbers in brackets represent the number of proteins involved in the GO terms or KEGG pathways.