Ameliorative role of Omega-3 fatty acids and Vitamin E against Carbamazepine induced Hepatoxicity in Rats

Background: Carbamazepine has been utilized to treat epilepsy and neuralgic conditions. Drug-induced liver injury triggered by Carbamazepine. Drug-induced liver injury from Carbamazepine consequently leads to liver failure. Existing research found that Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E known for their cytoprotective properties, and anti-inflammatory characteristics but their protective role against Carbamazepine induced liver injury yield inconclusive results. Objective: To investigate closely omega-3 and vitamin E potential protective effect against carbamazepine hepatoxicity in rats. Materials & Methods: Group 1: control received distilled water alone; Group 2: Treated with carbamazepine; Group 3: Treated with carbamazepine then followed by omega-3; Group 4: Treated with carbamazepine then followed by vitamin E; Group 5: Treated with carbamazepine then followed by a combination of omega-3 plus vitamin E experimental period lasted for fourteen days, at the end of the study all rats anesthetized. The liver tissue was dissected from each rat, part of liver tissue was used to evaluate Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 gene expression and histological analysis using H&E stain was performed on the other part of liver tissue after formalin fixation (10%). Results: The Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 gene expression showed significant increase in treated groups 3,4,5 versus Carbamazepine group which indicate protective cellular response to restore redox balance. Histopathological evaluations were conducted that liver tissue architecture and cellular integrity showed normal liver appearance, the hepatocytes and sinusoids looked normal in Group 3,4,5 in comparison to Carbamazepine group that showed severe congestion of sinusoids, and signs of liver damage indicate that liver tissue changes had occurred. Conclusion: Omega -3 and vitamin E alleviated Carbamazepine hepatoxicity through elevation antioxidant Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 gene expression and maintenance integrity of liver tissue.