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The mechanism of transcriptional activation of human leukocyte antigen class I genes by gamma interferon and 5-azacytidine was studied in K562 human leukemia cells. Nuclear run-on transcription assays with various protein and RNA synthesis inhibitors yield evidence for both stimulation of a positive regulatory factor and inhibition of an mRNA that codes for a labile repressor. A novel mechanism is proposed to explain how 5-azacytidine can activate repressed genes without affecting DNA methylation.
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Chen et al. (1987) studied this question.
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