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August 20, 2026Discover Public HealthOpen Access

Transportation as a determinant of equitable access to emergency critical and operative care in Africa

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Authors

MIMoses IsiagiSLSimon LerouxLFLebohang Fadiran

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Overview

Policy perspective reports transportation deficits impairing emergency and operative care, highlighting the need for integrated health and transit planning.

Key Points

  • To evaluate how transportation barriers restrict equitable access to emergency, critical, and operative care (ECO) and identify policy and operational solutions to bridge these gaps.
  • Conducted a policy perspective framed around the 'three delays' model, focusing on the second delay: reaching an appropriate healthcare facility.
  • Evaluated five core dimensions of access—availability, accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and accommodation—across urban transit and rural infrastructure settings.
  • Identified that absence of dedicated ambulances, prolonged response times, and unmonitored interfacility transfers convert survivable acute conditions into death or long-term disability.
  • Showed that transportation obstacles disproportionately affect rural communities, women, children, the elderly, and impoverished populations.
  • Highlighted emerging operational innovations, including centralized ambulance dispatch systems, motorcycle ambulances, mobile surgical units, and drone-based logistics networks.

Cite This Study

Isiagi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a86b5da8a91293e6a1cd587https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02796-z
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