Chronic and Sustained Hypernatremia, Absence of Thirst, Diabetes Insipidus, and Adrenocorticotrophin Insufficiency Resulting from Widespread Destruction of the Hypothalamus

Case Reports1 January 1962Chronic and Sustained Hypernatremia, Absence of Thirst, Diabetes Insipidus, and Adrenocorticotrophin Insufficiency Resulting from Widespread Destruction of the HypothalamusLOUIS V. AVIOLI, M.D., LAURENCE E. EARLEY, M.D., HASKINS K. KASHIMA, M.D.LOUIS V. AVIOLI, M.D., LAURENCE E. EARLEY, M.D., HASKINS K. KASHIMA, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-1-131 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLocations within the central nervous system of centers influencing the metabolism of water and electrolytes have been long recognized (1-5). Consequently, clinical disturbances in solute and water balance have frequently been attributed causally to various intracranial lesions (6-11). Diabetes insipidus is by far the most frequently diagnosed of such disturbances, possibly because of the vulnerable anatomy of the supraoptico-neurohypophyseal system and the ease with which the clinical manifestations of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) insufficiency are recognized. However, other clinical entities involving water and mineral metabolism have been reported. Intracranial disease resulting in the excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (11), renal salt...References1. BERNARD C: Cited by CUSHNY, A. R.: Secretion of the Urine, Longmans, Green and Co., London, 1926, p. 135. Google Scholar2. VERNEY EB: Antidiuretic hormone and the factors which determine its release. Proc. Roy. Soc. 135: 25, 1947. Google Scholar3. STEVENSONWELTORLOFF JHLGJ: Abnormalities of water and electrolyte metabolism in rats with hypothalamic lesions. Amer. J. Physiol. 161: 35, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WISE BL: Relation of brain stem to renal electrolyte excretion. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. 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Interrelationships of adrenal cortical steroids and antidiuretic hormone in normal subjects and in diabetes insipidus. J. Clin. Invest. 39: 1472, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar29. EARLEYSANDERS LECA: The effect of changing serum osmolality on the release of antidiuretic hormone in certain patients with decompensated cirrhosis of the liver and low serum osmolality. J. Clin. Invest. 38: 545, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar30. EARLEYKAHNORLOFF LEMJ: The effects of infusions of chlorothiazide on urinary dilution and concentration in the dog. J. Clin. Invest. 40: 857, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LOUIS V. AVIOLI, M.D.; LAURENCE E. EARLEY, M.D.; HASKINS K. KASHIMA, M.D.Affiliations: Bethesda, MarylandFrom the Department of Radiotherapy, National Cancer Institute, and Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda 14, Maryland.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Louis V. Avioli, M. D., Department of Medicine, Seton Hall College of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical Center, Jersey City 4, New Jersey. 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RABKIN, M.D., ANDREW G. FRANTZ, M.D.Asymptomatic hypernatremiaHypernatremiaClinical Implications of AdipsiaAbsence of Thirst in Association with HydrocephalusChronische Hyperosmolarit�t bei Hypothalamusl�sionHypernatræmia and the Brain 1 January 1962Volume 56, Issue 1Page: 131-140KeywordsAntidiuretic hormoneHypothalamusIngestionLesionsMedical servicesPrevention, policy, and public healthRenal cancerRenal diseasesResearch laboratoriesSalts ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...