Key result
Real-time imaging using molecular beacons revealed that 49.4% of poliovirus plus-strand RNA molecules diffused freely while the rest were immobile, demonstrating an entrapment and diffusion mechanism associated with microtubules.
The movement of poliovirus plus-strand RNA in living mammalian cells relies on an entrapment and diffusion mechanism associated with microtubules and virus-induced membrane structures.
Entrapment-diffusion of poliovirus RNA informs viral dynamics in cells; leaves open microtubule targeting for antivirals pending human validation.
Dynamic analysis of viral nucleic acids in host cells is important for understanding virus-host interaction. By labeling endogenous RNA with molecular beacon, we have realized the direct visualization of viral nucleic acids in living host cells and have studied the dynamic behavior of poliovirus plus-strand RNA. Poliovirus plus-strand RNA was observed to display different distribution patterns in living Vero cells at different post-infection time points. Real-time imaging suggested that the translocation of poliovirus plus-strand RNA is a characteristic rearrangement process requiring intact microtubule network of host cells. Confocal-FRAP measurements showed that 49.4 +/- 3.2% of the poliovirus plus-strand RNA molecules diffused freely (with a D-value of 9.6 +/- 1.6 x 10(-10) cm2/s) within their distribution region, while the remaining (50.5 +/- 2.9%) were almost immobile and moved very slowly only with change of the RNA distribution region. Under the electron microscope, it was found that virus-induced membrane rearrangement is microtubule-associated in poliovirus-infected Vero cells. These results reveal an entrapment and diffusion mechanism for the movement of poliovirus plus-strand RNA in living mammalian cells, and demonstrate that the mechanism is mainly associated with microtubules and virus-induced membrane structures.
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Zongqiang Cui (2005) studied Poliovirus infection (in vitro). Molecular beacon labeling of endogenous RNA was evaluated on Dynamic behavior and distribution of poliovirus plus-strand RNA in living host cells. Real-time imaging using molecular beacons revealed that 49.4% of poliovirus plus-strand RNA molecules diffused freely while the rest were immobile, demonstrating an entrapment and diffusion mechanism associated with microtubules.
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