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In a B3LYP mechanistic study, AuCl and AuCl(3) catalysts feature similar overall barriers for a reaction sequence of 2-ethynyl benzaldehyde and ethyne to 1-naphthyl carbaldehyde, comprising cyclization, [3+2] cycloaddition, and two rearrangements.
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Bernd F. Straub (2004) studied this question.
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