Voltage measurement at high and microwave frequencies in coaxial systems

The progress and up-to-date state-of-the-art in measuring voltages at frequencies to 10 GHz and higher is briefly described. The trend towards higher frequencies in voltmeter design is indicated. Advantages of voltage measurements and standards over computation of voltages from power and impedance measurements are briefly discussed. Some pending development problems are indicated and major steps are proposed to improve the application of voltmeters at frequencies above 30 MHz.