Why the study?
Does tobacco withdrawal affect ANP gene promoter methylation compared to non-smokers?
Does tobacco withdrawal affect ANP gene promoter methylation compared to non-smokers?
Tobacco withdrawal is associated with significant elevation in ANP gene promoter methylation by days 7 and 14 compared to non-smokers, suggesting impaired epigenetic regulation during withdrawal.
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Tobacco withdrawal-associated ANP hypermethylation is hypothesis-generating; prospective studies needed before any clinical implications.
BACKGROUND: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is well known in psychiatric disorders to modulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. Disturbances of ANP have been described in early abstinent alcohol-dependent patients. This is the first longitudinal investigation on cytosine-phosphatidyl-guanine (CpG)-island promoter methylation of the ANP gene in the blood of tobacco-dependent patients. METHODS: In a longitudinal approach, we investigated whether changes in ANP serum levels correlated to CpG methylation of the respective gene promoters on days 1, 7, and 14 of tobacco withdrawal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared to non-smokers, promoter-related deoxyribonucleic acid methylation of the ANP promoter was significantly elevated on days 7 and 14 of withdrawal in tobacco-dependent patients. Baseline methylation status of the ANP promoter was not significantly different from controls, arguing for an impaired regulation during withdrawal.
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Glahn et al. (2017) studied this question.
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