1.55-?m optical phase-locked loop with integratedp-i-n / HBT photoreceiver in a flexible development platform

A monolithically integrated p-i-n / HBT photoreceiver was successfully employed in a development platform for hybrid optical phase-locked loops (OPLLs). Despite loop delay compromises necessary for flexibility in component substitution, this OPLL development platform has demonstrated a hold-in range of 1.558 GHz and possible locking frequencies from 1.00 to 20.75 GHz © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 15:4–7, 1997.