Total Intravenous Anaesthesia Using Propofol and Ketamine Combination Versus Propofol and Fentanyl Combination in Patients Undergoing Bronchoalveolar Lavage

BACKGROUNDFlexible bronchoscopy being an invasive procedure can induce cough, pain etc., thus requiring deep sedation or anaesthesia to offset these adverse effects.Aim-To compare the combination of Propofol with Ketamine (Group PK) versus combination of Propofol with Fentanyl (Group PF) for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in 100 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS100 patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy for bronchoalveolar lavage were divided into two groups-Group PK where 50 patients received propofol 2.0 mg/kg and ketamine 1.0 milligram/kg IV and Group PF where 50 patients received propofol 2.0 mg/kg and Fentanyl 1.0 microgram/kg IV in a double-blind study.The parameters measured between the groups included haemodynamics, maintenance of oxygen saturation, cough, sedation levels, need for rescue doses, recovery time as well as pulmonologist and patient satisfaction. RESULTSAlmost all the measured parameters between Group PK and Group PF were similar and statistically insignificant.The only statistically significant difference was found in recovery time being longer in Group PK at 14.1 ± 0.32 mins compared to Group PF at 10.3 ± 1.64 mins. CONCLUSIONWe can hereby conclude that Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) using Propofol (2 mg/kg) and Ketamine (1 mg/kg) combination versus Propofol (2 mg/kg) and Fentanyl (1 microgm/kg) combination for flexible bronchoscopy in patients undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage are similar in terms of all parameters measured, except a longer duration of recovery time for propofol-ketamine group.