Why the study?
Amiodarone can impair thyroid function and cause hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in ~20% of patients through iodine release and direct cytotoxicity.
Amiodarone-induced thyroid disorders affect ~20% of patients, requiring personalized management strategies based on clinical presentation.
Clinicians should monitor thyroid function in amiodarone recipients; leaves open optimal prevention and management strategies.
Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug containing 37% iodine by weight, with a structure similar to that of thyroid hormones. Deiodination of amiodarone releases large amounts of iodine that can impair thyroid function, causing either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in susceptible individuals reflecting ~20% of patients administered the drug. Not only the excess iodine, but also the amiodarone (or its metabolite, desethylamiodarone) itself may cause thyroid dysfunction by direct cytotoxicity on thyroid cells. We present an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of amiodarone-induced thyroid disorders, with a focus on the various forms of clinical presentation and recommendations for personalized management of each form.
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Ylli et al. (2020) studied this question.
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