Key result
Evolutionary history of the emerging FMDV O/ME-SA/SA-2018 lineage was reconstructed, alongside vaccine matching data and a novel lineage-specific RT-PCR assay for field detection.
Why the study?
A novel foot-and-mouth disease virus lineage, O/ME-SA/SA-2018, emerged in India and spread beyond its usual epidemiological distribution into neighbouring countries and the Middle East.
Describes the evolutionary history, vaccine matching, and a novel RT-PCR assay for the emerging FMDV O/ME-SA/SA-2018 lineage.
Facilitates targeted FMDV surveillance; leaves open real-world vaccine efficacy validation.
In 2018, a novel lineage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) termed O/ME-SA/SA-2018 was identified in India, which subsequently spread into neighbouring countries (Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka). Since then, incursions of this lineage have occurred in the Middle East, beyond its usual epidemiological distribution. Using sequence data derived from field cases, this paper reconstructs the evolutionary history of the O/ME-SA/SA-2018 lineage, presents vaccine matching data for six commercially available FMD vaccines, and describes a novel lineage-specific RT-PCR assay which can be used to help detect field cases due this emerging lineage. Further surveillance studies are warranted to understand the distribution of this virus in Asian countries.
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Edwards et al. (2025) studied Foot-and-mouth disease. Lineage-specific RT-PCR assay and vaccine matching was evaluated. Evolutionary history of the emerging FMDV O/ME-SA/SA-2018 lineage was reconstructed, alongside vaccine matching data and a novel lineage-specific RT-PCR assay for field detection.
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