Key result
Hypertension was associated with a significantly higher carotid intima-media thickness (0.97 mm vs 0.49 mm on the right side) and resistive index (0.78 vs 0.56) compared to normotensive controls.
Why the study?
Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor, and while arterial distensibility assessment can be inconsistent, resistive index and intima-media thickness measured by Doppler ultrasound are valuable for assessing vascular resistance and atherosclerosis.
Do hypertensive individuals have increased carotid intima-media thickness and resistive index compared to normotensive individuals?
Cross-Sectional (n=200)
No
Do hypertensive individuals have increased carotid intima-media thickness and resistive index compared to normotensive individuals?
Absolute Event Rate: 0.97% vs 0.49%
p-value: p=<0.01
Hypertension is associated with significantly increased carotid intima-media thickness and resistive index, highlighting the utility of Doppler ultrasound for early detection of atherosclerosis.
Hypertension was associated with higher carotid IMT and RI; hypothesis-generating for Doppler ultrasound screening but should not yet change practice.
Background: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Evaluating arterial distensibility can be inconsistent, but the resistive index (RI) measured by Doppler ultrasound is effective in assessing vascular resistance. IMT and RI are valuable in atherosclerosis evaluation. Methodology: A structured case sheet captured clinical history, physical examination findings, and investigation results. Each participant underwent a bilateral carotid Doppler examination. Group A (100 hypertensive subjects) and Group B (100 normotensive subjects) included individuals aged 40-55 years. Results: When we looked at the intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery in normotensive people, the mean value was 0.49 mm on the right side and 0.50 mm on the left side. Their resistive index (RI) was 0.56 on both sides. On the other hand, hypertensive individuals had an IMT of 0.97 mm on the right side and 0.96 mm on the left side, with an RI of 0.78 on both sides. It was noted that both IMT and RI were significantly higher in patients with hypertension in comparison to those with normal blood pressure. Conclusion: The results depicted a statistically significant increase in both IMT and RI measurements in hypertensive subjects as opposed to normotensive ones, consistent with the conclusions of various Indian and international studies.
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Ranjan et al. (2024) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=200). Hypertension vs. Normotensive was evaluated on Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the right common carotid artery (p=<0.01). Hypertension was associated with a significantly higher carotid intima-media thickness (0.97 mm vs 0.49 mm on the right side) and resistive index (0.78 vs 0.56) compared to normotensive controls.
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