Incidencia de la crisis energética en los costos de producción en empresas manufactureras

The study analyzes the impact of the energy crisis on the production costs of manufacturing companies in Ecuador, a country with a high dependence on oil and limited diversification of its energy matrix. Using a mixed approach, financial projections were made based on statistical data from INEGI, the Central Bank of Ecuador and corporate income statements for the periods 2023-2024, complemented by a qualitative analysis that included case studies, reports and internal communications. The results show that energy instability has increased operating costs, affecting productivity due to interruptions, wasted raw materials, and damaged machinery. Although strategies such as the adoption of efficient technologies, diversification towards renewable energies and reorganization of production schedules have partially mitigated these effects, economic losses persist due to the lack of structural planning and effective public policies. The discussion highlighted the need to modernize energy infrastructure and establish incentives for sustainable technologies, as well as comprehensive policies that promote a diversified and efficient energy matrix. It is concluded that a comprehensive approach combining energy efficiency, advanced cost management and government support is key to reducing the vulnerability of the manufacturing sector and ensuring its long-term competitiveness.