Assembly of charged nanoparticles using self-electrodynamic focusing

In this paper, a self-assembly process of charged nanoparticles on a silicon substrate is demonstrated. The self-assembly of the nanoparticles is mainly due to a self-electric-focusing effect caused by the electric field which is created by charged nanoparticles when these are deposited on photoresist patterns. The dynamics of the focusing process and the detailed parameters that affect the focusing effect are discussed both experimentally and by Monte Carlo simulation. The presented technique is a quite simple and effective method to fabricate nanoparticle stripes from different materials.