Films of iron oxides such α-Fe 3 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 were prepared by evaporating iron in a low pressure atmosphere of oxygen gas and investigated by X-ray and electron diffraction and Mössbauer effect measurements. The formation range of iron oxides was determined as functions of the substrate temperature and the deposition rate at an oxygen pressure of 4×10 -4 Torr. The oxide film consisted of fine grains, and the grain size of Fe 3 O 4 increased with increase of the film thickness and the substrate temperature. Magnetic properties were investigated. The coercivity was found to increase up to 1000 Oe with the oxidation of the as-deposited Fe 3 O 4 films. The origin of such high coercivity was briefly discussed.
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Bandō et al. (1978) studied this question.