What does this research mean for the field?

While there is broad consensus on core diagnostic principles for male infertility across major international guidelines, significant variations exist in scope and implementation, with the WHO guideline prioritizing a public health approach compared to the specialist-oriented or couple-centered approaches of other organizations. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the male infertility recommendations within the 2025 WHO guideline and compare them with standards established by AUA/ASRM, EAU, ESHRE, and NICE.

August 22, 2026AndrologyOpen Access

Male Infertility in the 2025 WHO Infertility Guideline: A Comparative Analysis With AUA/ASRM, EAU, ESHRE, and NICE Recommendations

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Authors

AAArnold Peter Paul AchermannUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)TPThairo A. PereiraIndiana University Health SESandro C. EstevesUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

Discussion

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Implication

Comparative review reveals key divergences in global male infertility management across major clinical guidelines, highlighting the need for stronger evidence and harmonized diagnostic standards.

Key Points

To evaluate the male infertility recommendations within the 2025 WHO guideline and compare them with standards established by AUA/ASRM, EAU, ESHRE, and NICE.
Reviewed and contrasted male reproductive health recommendations across five major international guideline frameworks: WHO, AUA/ASRM, EAU, ESHRE, and NICE.
Evaluated differences in clinical scope, diagnostic protocols (semen analysis, genetic and endocrine testing), and therapeutic interventions (varicocele repair, antioxidants).
The WHO guideline emphasizes global feasibility, preventive care, and standard semen analysis, while adopting a neutral position on antioxidant therapy and targeting varicocele as a key treatable factor.
AUA/ASRM and EAU provide specialist-oriented guidance detailing comprehensive endocrine and genetic evaluations, whereas ESHRE and NICE emphasize broader couple-based pathways with fewer male-specific algorithms.
Discrepancies across clinical guidelines reflect differing target settings and substantial evidentiary gaps regarding antioxidant efficacy, hormone therapy, and advanced diagnostic testing.

Cite This Study

Achermann et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a895ec3ca7ade938187ce02 https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70369

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Implication

Comparative review reveals key divergences in global male infertility management across major clinical guidelines, highlighting the need for stronger evidence and harmonized diagnostic standards.

Male Infertility in the 2025 WHO Infertility Guideline: A Comparative Analysis With AUA/ASRM, EAU, ESHRE, and NICE Recommendations

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Male Infertility in the 2025 WHO Infertility Guideline: A Comparative Analysis With AUA/ASRM, EAU, ESHRE, and NICE Recommendations

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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