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August 22, 2026CureusOpen Access

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Pregnancy: Species Distribution and Antifungal Resistance Patterns to Commonly Used Topical Azoles at a Tertiary Care Center in Central India

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Authors

ABArati A BhadadeTKTadepalli KarunaBSBharti Singh

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Overview

Cross-sectional study reveals superior in vitro clotrimazole activity over miconazole in pregnant women with candidiasis, highlighting the need for standardized topical breakpoints.

Key Points

  • To determine the species distribution of Candida causing vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnant women and evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of isolates to clotrimazole and miconazole.
  • Conducted a 6-month cross-sectional study collecting high vaginal swabs from symptomatic pregnant women (N=108) at a tertiary care center in Central India.
  • Identified Candida isolates using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).
  • Assessed in vitro susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges for clotrimazole and miconazole using the Etest method.
  • Candida species were isolated from 41.67% (45/108) of symptomatic pregnant women, predominantly Candida albicans (80.0%, 36/45), followed by Nakaseomyces glabrata (8.89%, 4/45) and Candida tropicalis (4.44%, 2/45).
  • Clotrimazole exhibited overall lower MIC values than miconazole against Candida isolates, demonstrating greater in vitro activity.
  • Elevated MIC values (>32 µg/mL) indicating reduced susceptibility were observed in 25.0% (9/36) of C. albicans isolates exposed to miconazole compared to 2.78% (1/36) exposed to clotrimazole.

Cite This Study

Bhadade et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a895ffeca7ade938187ef7chttps://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.114835
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