Key result
Offspring of malignant hypertensive parents show ~55% higher resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity than controls.
Why the study?
Do normotensive offspring of malignant hypertensive parents have increased baseline muscle sympathetic nerve activity and exaggerated sympathetic and hemodynamic responses to physical stress compared to offspring of normotensive parents?
Cross-Sectional (n=20)
No
Do normotensive offspring of malignant hypertensive parents have increased baseline muscle sympathetic nerve activity and exaggerated sympathetic and hemodynamic responses to physical stress compared to offspring of normotensive parents?
Normotensive offspring of parents with malignant hypertension already exhibit heightened baseline sympathetic nerve activity and exaggerated stress responses, identifying them as a target for early preventive lifestyle interventions.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Elevated sympathetic activity in offspring may mark early familial risk; leaves open whether it predicts hypertension or warrants intervention.
Malignant hypertension seems to be the consequence of very high blood pressure. Furthermore, an increase in sympathetic and renin-angiotensin system activity is considered to be the main mechanisms producing malignant hypertension. In the present study, 10 offspring of malignant hypertensive (OMH) parents (age 28 +/- 5 years, 7 males, 3 females, 2 white and 8 non-white) and 10 offspring of normotensive (ONT) parents (age 28 +/- 6 years, 2 males, 8 females, 3 white and 7 non-white) were evaluated. The OMH group had significantly higher (P < 0.05) casual blood pressure (125 +/- 10/81 +/- 5 mmHg) compared with ONT (99 +/- 13/67 +/- 5 mmHg). The increase in blood pressure was greater in OMH (Delta SBP = 17 +/- 2 vs Delta SBP = 9 +/- 1 mmHg in ONT) during cold pressor testing, but they had a lower increase in heart rate (Delta HR = 13 +/- 2 vs Delta HR = 20 +/- 3 bpm in ONT) during isometric exercise(handgrip test). Sympathetic activity, measured by microneurography, was significantly higher (P < 0.05) before exercise in OMH (17 +/- 6 vs 11 +/- 4 burst/min in ONT) and exhibited a greater increase (Delta = 18 +/- 10 vs Delta = 8 +/- 3 burst/min in ONT) during isometric exercise. This study showed increased sympathetic activity in OMH before exercise and a greater response during isometric exercise, suggesting an autonomic abnormality before exercise and a greater sympathetic response to physical stress in OMH compared to ONT.
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Lopes et al. (2008) conducted a cross-sectional in Normotensive offspring of malignant hypertensive parents (n=20). Offspring of malignant hypertensive parents (OMH) vs. Offspring of normotensive parents (ONT) was evaluated on Resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) before exercise (burst/min) (p=<0.05). Offspring of malignant hypertensive parents exhibited higher resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity and greater exercise response than controls.
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