Case series reveals high rates of venous involvement in renal cell carcinoma, highlighting the clinical utility of routine inferior venacavography.
The incidence of venous extension of renal cell carcinoma was studied in sixteen cases using selective arteriography followed by inferior venacavography. Six (37.50%) showed venous extension and 3 (19%) indentation of the venacava by enlarged para-aortic nodes from metastatic disease. This study indicates that inferior venacavography is indicated as a routine investigation in the assessment of renal cell carcinoma.
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Palmer et al. (1975) studied this question.
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