Key result
In patients with untreated essential hypertension, erythrocyte deformability significantly correlated with sVCAM-1 (R=-0.61, p<0.002), sICAM-1 (R=-0.53, p<0.009), and eGFR (R=0.60, p<0.005).
Observational (n=62)
In patients with untreated essential hypertension, decreased erythrocyte deformability correlates with increased soluble adhesion molecules and decreased eGFR, suggesting it may serve as a marker of endothelial dysfunction.
May mark endothelial dysfunction in untreated hypertension; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before clinical use.
Relationship between erythrocyte deformability and: a) soluble cell adhesion molecules concentration, b) glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) has been investigated in three study groups: a group of 20 patients with diagnosed arterial hypertension, a group of 20 individuals with exclusively hypercholesterolemia and a group of 22 healthy persons. The individuals with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia were free of any other cardiovascular disease risk factor and were not on any therapy prior to entering the study. Clinical and laboratory data included systolic and diastolic blood pressure (obtained by ABPM), lipids profile, eGFR, red blood cell (RBC) deformability (assessed by shear stress laser diffractometry) and levels of circulating soluble vascular adhesion molecules-1 (sVCAM-1) as well as soluble intracellular adhesion molecules-1 (sICAM-1). In the group of hypertensives, RBC deformability and concentration of circulating soluble adhesion molecules showed statistically significant negative correlations: RBC deformability decreases with increasing level of: a) sVCAM-1, R = -0.61, p < 0.002, b) sIVCAM-1, R = -0.53, p < 0.009. In parallel, statistically significant increase of eGFR was observed with rising erythrocyte deformability, R = 0.60, p < 0.005. In the groups of healthy individuals and patients with hypercholesterolemia there was no sign of any correlations between the considered parameters. The observed correlations suggest that in patients diagnosed exclusively with hypertension, firstly, erythrocyte deformability may serve as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and, secondly, red blood cells may be mediators of adverse changes in kidneys.
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Fornal et al. (2011) conducted an observational in Essential hypertension (n=62). Erythrocyte deformability vs. Healthy individuals and patients with hypercholesterolemia was evaluated on Correlation between erythrocyte deformability and soluble cell adhesion molecules (sVCAM-1, sICAM-1) and eGFR (R = -0.61 (sVCAM-1); R = -0.53 (sICAM-1); R = 0.60 (eGFR), p=<0.002 (sVCAM-1); <0.009 (sICAM-1); <0.005 (eGFR)). In patients with untreated essential hypertension, erythrocyte deformability significantly correlated with sVCAM-1 (R=-0.61, p<0.002), sICAM-1 (R=-0.53, p<0.009), and eGFR (R=0.60, p<0.005).
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