What does this research mean for the field?

Chronic endometritis disrupts the endometrial immune landscape by forming ectopic lymphoid aggregates, composed of germinal-center-B-like cells and T follicular helper-like cells, which compromise pregnancy outcomes in a Tfh-like-cell-dependent manner. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To map the dynamic endometrial immune landscape across the menstrual cycle and investigate how chronic endometritis disrupts this environment to affect pregnancy.

August 23, 2026Nature CommunicationsOpen Access

An endometrial immune atlas across the female menstrual cycle reveals lymphoid aggregates compromise pregnancy

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Authors

LYLingtao YangShenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology JYJing YangXiamen University YLYuye LiShenzhen Zhongshan Urological Hospital

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Implication

Multi-center cohort and experimental study reveals ectopic lymphoid aggregates disrupt pregnancy in chronic endometritis, highlighting immune mechanisms behind reproductive failure.

Key Points

To map the dynamic endometrial immune landscape across the menstrual cycle and investigate how chronic endometritis disrupts this environment to affect pregnancy.
Profiled the endometrial immune landscape across menstrual cycle phases in 53 healthy women and 34 patients with chronic endometritis.
Evaluated pregnancy outcomes and pathogenic mechanisms using a murine chronic endometritis model and a multi-center human cohort.
Healthy cycling endometrium showed natural killer (NK) cell increases and T cell decreases from proliferative to secretory phases, with CD11c⁺ tissue-resident NK cells accumulating during secretory and early pregnancy phases.
Chronic endometritis depleted CD11c⁺ NK cells and promoted local B cell differentiation into ectopic lymphoid aggregates of germinal-center-B-like and T follicular helper (Tfh)-like cells.
Ectopic lymphoid aggregates compromised pregnancy outcomes in both mouse models and human cohorts via a Tfh-like-cell-dependent mechanism.

Cite This Study

Yang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8aada77677a34114445f98 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76937-y

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Implication

Multi-center cohort and experimental study reveals ectopic lymphoid aggregates disrupt pregnancy in chronic endometritis, highlighting immune mechanisms behind reproductive failure.

An endometrial immune atlas across the female menstrual cycle reveals lymphoid aggregates compromise pregnancy

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

An endometrial immune atlas across the female menstrual cycle reveals lymphoid aggregates compromise pregnancy

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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