HRV Features in the Adaptation Process of Adolescent Football Players to Systematic Physical Loads

Currently, HRV holds a central place in sports medicine as an integral indicator of the state of autonomic regulation and adaptive reserves. Time-domain HRV parameters reflect overall variability and the contribution of the parasympathetic division, while frequency-domain HRV parameters characterize the balance of sympathetic and par­asympathetic influences. Well-adapted athletes, including adolescents, have higher SDNN and RMSSD values and a relatively low LF/HF ratio, which is interpreted as a predominance of vagal control at rest. Objective. To study HRV values to assess cardiovascular adaptation to systematic physical loads in young football players. Materials and Meth­ods. The study involved 50 adolescents aged 13–16 who regularly play football at the Football Academy of the Sa­markand Region, and 20 of their peers who do not engage in regular sports. The characteristics of their HRV param­eters were analyzed. Conclusion. Measuring HRV helps to manage the training process not approximately, but on a scientific basis, thereby preserving the health of players and reducing the number of injuries on the team. The pre­sented data demonstrate the absence of sympathetic hyperactivation in adolescent athletes and the predominance of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.